servo drive

1. Classification of harmonic interference problems in servo drive systems The harmonic interference problems faced by the servo drive system can be divided into three categories according to the interference source and the disturbed source, namely, external harmonic interference to the servo drive system, servo drive system harmonic interference to the internal components of the servo drive system, and servo drive system interference to the outside world:   ⑴ External harmonics interfere with the servo drive system External harmonics mainly include: harmonics in the power supply, harmonics in nature (harmonics caused by lightning, etc.). These harmonics can cause a series of problems such as false alarms, false operations, and refusal to operate of the servo drive in the servo drive system. In more serious cases, the rectifier module and electrolytic capacitor in the servo drive may overheat, burst, explode, and other problems. Therefore, this part of the harmonics must be taken seriously.   ⑵ The servo drive system interferes with the internal components of the servo drive system This is a common situation. For example, the harmonics generated by the servo drive in the servo drive system can enter the servo motor, causing the servo motor to overheat, make noise (screaming, abnormal sound, etc.), vibrate (or oscillate), have pits, pits and cracks on the bearings, frequently break down the servo motor insulation, and severely shorten the life of the servo motor. Of course, the harmonics in the servo drive system will not only affect the servo motor, but may also affect a series of problems such as communication and analog signals.   ⑶ Servo drive system harmonic interference to the outside world There are two situations in which the servo drive system interferes with the outside world. One is that the harmonic interference of the servo drive system interferes with the electrical equipment that uses the same power supply, such as low voltage, instruments, meters, sensors, etc.; the other is that the harmonics of the servo drive system will radiate outward, causing the surrounding equipment to not work properly, such as communications, monitoring, instruments, meters, sensors, etc.   2. Solutions for reference to harmonic interference in servo drive systems When it comes to the harmonic interference problem of the servo drive system, first of all, don't blindly rush to install any servo harmonic suppression devices. This will not only increase costs and space occupancy, but also increase failure points. Therefore, this is not the preferred solution .   ⑴ Grounding Do a good job of grounding the servo drive system. The grounding of the servo drive system must be independent and distinguished from the grounding of other equipment; the grounding wire must be short and thick, and the wire diameter of the grounding wire must be at least half of the main wire diameter or more. We recommend that the grounding wire and the main wire of the servo drive system use the same wire diameter;   ⑵ Shielding It is recommended to use shielded wires for the connection wires between the servo drive system and the servo motor, and cut the shielding layer in a circular manner to expose the metal mesh, and then use a U-shaped clip or the like to ground it. For weak-wires such as communication lines and signal lines of the servo drive system, shielded wires should be used as much as possible, and the shielding layer should be reliably grounded;   ⑶ Filtering The filter components available for servo drive systems include: servo input filter, servo input inductor, MLAD-GFC servo-specific passive harmonic filter, servo-specific active harmonic filter, Du/Dt inductor, sine wave inductor, etc.  

What is a frequency converter   According to the definition of "GB/T 2900.1-2008 Basic Terms of Electrical Engineering": Frequency converter refers to an electric energy converter that changes the frequency related to electric energy.   Simple frequency converters can only adjust the speed of AC motors. It can be open-loop or closed-loop depending on the control method and frequency converter. This is the traditional V/F control method. Now many frequency converters have established mathematical models to convert the stator magnetic field UVW3 phases of AC motors into two current components that can control the motor speed and torque. Now most famous brands of frequency converters that can perform torque control use this method to control torque. The output of each phase of UVW must be added with a molar effect current detection device. After sampling and feedback, the PID adjustment of the current loop with closed-loop negative feedback is formed; ABB's frequency converter has proposed a direct torque control technology that is different from this method. Please refer to relevant information for details. In this way, both the speed and torque of the motor can be controlled, and the speed control accuracy is better than v/f control. Encoder feedback can be added or not. When it is added, the control accuracy and response characteristics are much better.   What is a servo   Driver: Based on the development of frequency conversion technology, the servo driver has implemented more precise control technology and algorithmic operations in the current loop, speed loop and position loop (the frequency converter does not have this loop) inside the driver than in general frequency conversion. It is also much more powerful than traditional servos in terms of functions. The main point is that it can perform precise position control. The speed and position are controlled by the pulse sequence sent by the upper controller (of course, some servos have integrated control units or directly set parameters such as position and speed in the driver through bus communication). The internal algorithm of the driver, faster and more accurate calculations, and better-performing electronic devices make it superior to the frequency converter.   Motor: The material, structure and processing technology of servo motors are much better than those of AC motors driven by inverters (general AC motors or various types of variable frequency motors such as constant torque and constant power). That is to say, when the driver outputs a power supply with rapidly changing current, voltage and frequency, the servo motor can produce corresponding action changes according to the power supply changes. The response characteristics and overload resistance are much better than those of AC motors driven by inverters. The serious difference in motors is also the fundamental reason for the difference in performance between the two. That is to say, it is not that the inverter cannot output a power signal that changes so quickly, but that the motor itself cannot respond. Therefore, when the internal algorithm of the inverter is set, a corresponding overload setting is made to protect the motor. Of course, even if the inverter output capacity is not set, it is still limited. Some inverters with excellent performance can directly drive servo motors!   An important difference between servo and frequency conversion   Frequency conversion can be done without encoders, but servos must have encoders for electronic commutation. The technology of AC servo itself is based on and applies frequency conversion technology. It is achieved by imitating the control method of DC motors through frequency conversion PWM on the basis of DC motor servo control. In other words, AC servo motors must have frequency conversion: frequency conversion is to rectify the 50, 60HZ AC power into DC power first, and then invert it into a frequency-adjustable waveform similar to sine and cosine pulsating power through various transistors with controllable gates (IGBT, IGCT, etc.) through carrier frequency and PWM regulation. Since the frequency is adjustable, the speed of the AC motor can be adjusted (n=60f/2p, n speed, f frequency, p pole pair number).